Nice Flowers Pictures And Names photos

jochem slapend in bloem met kelk

Image by hacky
after that he fell asleep in this nice flower.

The flower picture is from sxc.hu. Sorry, I forgot the name of the photographer.

orchidee

Image by hacky
Jochem climbed the flower to get to the ladybug.

The flower picture is from sxc.hu. Sorry, I forgot the name of the photographer.

Flor Itzel

Image by Presagio
A small peak at mother's garden (as all the other flower pictures).

Just as people pass through life, no specific names are remembered. Vague memories sweeten the past, after all.

Sepia Stems

Image by INTVGene
You know with the amount of flower pictures that I take, you'd think that I'd actually learn some of the names of the flowers, but no, it doesn't seem to work that way.

Fort Snelling State Park

Image by MN Photos
Another view of the yellow flowers. Don't know what the name of them is.

I talk a little more about these yellow flower pictures in my blog: Here

readmore »»   Read More..

Nice Flowers Pictures And Names photos

Helenium amarum, Sneezeweed, Bitterweed ......#4

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Vietnamese named :
Common names : Sneezeweed, Bitterweed, Yellowdick, Yellow Sneezeweed.
Scientist name : Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock
Synonyms :
Family : Asteraceae / Aster family.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Asterales
Tribe:Helenieae
Genus:Helenium
Species:H. amarum

**** www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Helenium+amarum

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenium_amarum

**** www.flowerspictures.org/flower-pictures/helenium-amarum_1...

**** www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2...

**** www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Helenium_amarum_page.html

**** www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/bitterweed.html

Description: This wildflower is a summer annual about ½-2½' tall. A robust plant is unbranched below and abundantly branched above; the stems are light green and hairless (or nearly so). Abundant alternate leaves are located along these stems; they are widely spreading to ascending. Individual leaves are ½-3" and less than 1/8" across; they are simple (non-compound), linear-filiform, sessile, and smooth along their margins. Frequently, these narrow leaves often occur in short axillary clusters (making them appear whorled or palmately lobed); they are light to medium green or grayish blue, glandular-dotted, and hairless (or nearly so).

Flowerheads about ¾" across occur individually on erect peduncles about 1-5" long. Each flowerhead has 5-10 ray florets surrounding numerous tiny disk florets (75 or more); both types of florets are yellow. The petal-like rays become wider toward their tips, where they are 3-toothed; their florets are pistillate and fertile. The disk florets have tubular corollas with 5 tiny teeth along their upper rims; they are perfect and fertile. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several linear-lanceolate bracts (phyllaries) that are light green; they extend downward while the flowerhead is blooming. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts 1½-3 months. Both the disk and ray florets are replaced by small achenes (about 1-1.25 mm. in length) that are reddish brown, oblanceoloid, angular, and hairy. Each achene has a crown of several awned scales at its apex. The root system consists of a short branching taproot. This wildflower spreads into new areas by reseeding itself.

Cultivation: The preference is full sun, dry-mesic to dry conditions, and barren ground containing gravel or sand. The lower leaves often wither away before the flowerheads bloom.

Range & Habitat: Bitterweed is occasional in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent. Habitats consist of upland prairies, rocky glades, gravelly areas along railroads, roadsides, pastures, and open sandy ground. Bitterweed is somewhat weedy, preferring disturbed areas. It is more common in the southeastern states.

Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a wide variety of insect visitors, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of two moths, Papaipema impecuniosa (Aster Borer Moth) and Papaipema rigida (Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth), bore through the stems and roots of Helenium spp., while the larvae of Smicronyx discoideus (Sneezeweed Weevil) feed on the developing achenes. In prairies and other open areas, the Greater Prairie Chicken eats the seeds and/or dried seedheads. Because the foliage is bitter and toxic, it is usually avoided by mammalian herbivores. When dairy cows graze on the foliage of Bitterweed in overgrazed pastures, it provides their milk with a bitter taste. If the foliage is eaten in sufficient quantities, it can kill horses and other domesticated farm animals.

Photographic Location: A flower garden at the Arboretum of the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois.


Comments: This is one of many wildflowers in the Aster family that produces showy yellow flowerheads during the summer and fall. Like other species in its genus, the flowerheads of Bitterweed have very distinctive petal-like rays with broad 3-toothed tips. Bitterweed is also distinguished by its very narrow leaves (less than 1/8" across) that are nearly filiform; they often occur in short clusters along the stems. Other Helenium spp. in Illinois have wider leaves and they prefer habitats that are more damp.

Helenium amarum, Sneezeweed, Bitterweed ......#5

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Vietnamese named :
Common names : Sneezeweed, Bitterweed, Yellowdick, Yellow Sneezeweed.
Scientist name : Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock
Synonyms :
Family : Asteraceae / Aster family.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Asterales
Tribe:Helenieae
Genus:Helenium
Species:H. amarum

**** www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Helenium+amarum

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenium_amarum

**** www.flowerspictures.org/flower-pictures/helenium-amarum_1...

**** www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2...

**** www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Helenium_amarum_page.html

**** www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/bitterweed.html

Description: This wildflower is a summer annual about ½-2½' tall. A robust plant is unbranched below and abundantly branched above; the stems are light green and hairless (or nearly so). Abundant alternate leaves are located along these stems; they are widely spreading to ascending. Individual leaves are ½-3" and less than 1/8" across; they are simple (non-compound), linear-filiform, sessile, and smooth along their margins. Frequently, these narrow leaves often occur in short axillary clusters (making them appear whorled or palmately lobed); they are light to medium green or grayish blue, glandular-dotted, and hairless (or nearly so).

Flowerheads about ¾" across occur individually on erect peduncles about 1-5" long. Each flowerhead has 5-10 ray florets surrounding numerous tiny disk florets (75 or more); both types of florets are yellow. The petal-like rays become wider toward their tips, where they are 3-toothed; their florets are pistillate and fertile. The disk florets have tubular corollas with 5 tiny teeth along their upper rims; they are perfect and fertile. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several linear-lanceolate bracts (phyllaries) that are light green; they extend downward while the flowerhead is blooming. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts 1½-3 months. Both the disk and ray florets are replaced by small achenes (about 1-1.25 mm. in length) that are reddish brown, oblanceoloid, angular, and hairy. Each achene has a crown of several awned scales at its apex. The root system consists of a short branching taproot. This wildflower spreads into new areas by reseeding itself.

Cultivation: The preference is full sun, dry-mesic to dry conditions, and barren ground containing gravel or sand. The lower leaves often wither away before the flowerheads bloom.

Range & Habitat: Bitterweed is occasional in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent. Habitats consist of upland prairies, rocky glades, gravelly areas along railroads, roadsides, pastures, and open sandy ground. Bitterweed is somewhat weedy, preferring disturbed areas. It is more common in the southeastern states.

Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a wide variety of insect visitors, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of two moths, Papaipema impecuniosa (Aster Borer Moth) and Papaipema rigida (Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth), bore through the stems and roots of Helenium spp., while the larvae of Smicronyx discoideus (Sneezeweed Weevil) feed on the developing achenes. In prairies and other open areas, the Greater Prairie Chicken eats the seeds and/or dried seedheads. Because the foliage is bitter and toxic, it is usually avoided by mammalian herbivores. When dairy cows graze on the foliage of Bitterweed in overgrazed pastures, it provides their milk with a bitter taste. If the foliage is eaten in sufficient quantities, it can kill horses and other domesticated farm animals.

Photographic Location: A flower garden at the Arboretum of the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois.


Comments: This is one of many wildflowers in the Aster family that produces showy yellow flowerheads during the summer and fall. Like other species in its genus, the flowerheads of Bitterweed have very distinctive petal-like rays with broad 3-toothed tips. Bitterweed is also distinguished by its very narrow leaves (less than 1/8" across) that are nearly filiform; they often occur in short clusters along the stems. Other Helenium spp. in Illinois have wider leaves and they prefer habitats that are more damp.

Helenium amarum, Sneezeweed, Bitterweed ......#7

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Vietnamese named :
Common names : Sneezeweed, Bitterweed, Yellowdick, Yellow Sneezeweed.
Scientist name : Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock
Synonyms :
Family : Asteraceae / Aster family.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Asterales
Tribe:Helenieae
Genus:Helenium
Species:H. amarum

**** www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Helenium+amarum

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenium_amarum

**** www.flowerspictures.org/flower-pictures/helenium-amarum_1...

**** www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2...

**** www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Helenium_amarum_page.html

**** www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/bitterweed.html

Description: This wildflower is a summer annual about ½-2½' tall. A robust plant is unbranched below and abundantly branched above; the stems are light green and hairless (or nearly so). Abundant alternate leaves are located along these stems; they are widely spreading to ascending. Individual leaves are ½-3" and less than 1/8" across; they are simple (non-compound), linear-filiform, sessile, and smooth along their margins. Frequently, these narrow leaves often occur in short axillary clusters (making them appear whorled or palmately lobed); they are light to medium green or grayish blue, glandular-dotted, and hairless (or nearly so).

Flowerheads about ¾" across occur individually on erect peduncles about 1-5" long. Each flowerhead has 5-10 ray florets surrounding numerous tiny disk florets (75 or more); both types of florets are yellow. The petal-like rays become wider toward their tips, where they are 3-toothed; their florets are pistillate and fertile. The disk florets have tubular corollas with 5 tiny teeth along their upper rims; they are perfect and fertile. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several linear-lanceolate bracts (phyllaries) that are light green; they extend downward while the flowerhead is blooming. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts 1½-3 months. Both the disk and ray florets are replaced by small achenes (about 1-1.25 mm. in length) that are reddish brown, oblanceoloid, angular, and hairy. Each achene has a crown of several awned scales at its apex. The root system consists of a short branching taproot. This wildflower spreads into new areas by reseeding itself.

Cultivation: The preference is full sun, dry-mesic to dry conditions, and barren ground containing gravel or sand. The lower leaves often wither away before the flowerheads bloom.

Range & Habitat: Bitterweed is occasional in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent. Habitats consist of upland prairies, rocky glades, gravelly areas along railroads, roadsides, pastures, and open sandy ground. Bitterweed is somewhat weedy, preferring disturbed areas. It is more common in the southeastern states.

Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a wide variety of insect visitors, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of two moths, Papaipema impecuniosa (Aster Borer Moth) and Papaipema rigida (Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth), bore through the stems and roots of Helenium spp., while the larvae of Smicronyx discoideus (Sneezeweed Weevil) feed on the developing achenes. In prairies and other open areas, the Greater Prairie Chicken eats the seeds and/or dried seedheads. Because the foliage is bitter and toxic, it is usually avoided by mammalian herbivores. When dairy cows graze on the foliage of Bitterweed in overgrazed pastures, it provides their milk with a bitter taste. If the foliage is eaten in sufficient quantities, it can kill horses and other domesticated farm animals.

Photographic Location: A flower garden at the Arboretum of the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois.


Comments: This is one of many wildflowers in the Aster family that produces showy yellow flowerheads during the summer and fall. Like other species in its genus, the flowerheads of Bitterweed have very distinctive petal-like rays with broad 3-toothed tips. Bitterweed is also distinguished by its very narrow leaves (less than 1/8" across) that are nearly filiform; they often occur in short clusters along the stems. Other Helenium spp. in Illinois have wider leaves and they prefer habitats that are more damp.

Helenium amarum, Sneezeweed, Bitterweed ......#6

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Taken in Hewitt, Texas

Vietnamese named :
Common names : Sneezeweed, Bitterweed, Yellowdick, Yellow Sneezeweed.
Scientist name : Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock
Synonyms :
Family : Asteraceae / Aster family.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Asterales
Tribe:Helenieae
Genus:Helenium
Species:H. amarum

**** www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Helenium+amarum

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenium_amarum

**** www.flowerspictures.org/flower-pictures/helenium-amarum_1...

**** www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2...

**** www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Helenium_amarum_page.html

**** www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/bitterweed.html

Description: This wildflower is a summer annual about ½-2½' tall. A robust plant is unbranched below and abundantly branched above; the stems are light green and hairless (or nearly so). Abundant alternate leaves are located along these stems; they are widely spreading to ascending. Individual leaves are ½-3" and less than 1/8" across; they are simple (non-compound), linear-filiform, sessile, and smooth along their margins. Frequently, these narrow leaves often occur in short axillary clusters (making them appear whorled or palmately lobed); they are light to medium green or grayish blue, glandular-dotted, and hairless (or nearly so).

Flowerheads about ¾" across occur individually on erect peduncles about 1-5" long. Each flowerhead has 5-10 ray florets surrounding numerous tiny disk florets (75 or more); both types of florets are yellow. The petal-like rays become wider toward their tips, where they are 3-toothed; their florets are pistillate and fertile. The disk florets have tubular corollas with 5 tiny teeth along their upper rims; they are perfect and fertile. At the base of each flowerhead, there are several linear-lanceolate bracts (phyllaries) that are light green; they extend downward while the flowerhead is blooming. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall and lasts 1½-3 months. Both the disk and ray florets are replaced by small achenes (about 1-1.25 mm. in length) that are reddish brown, oblanceoloid, angular, and hairy. Each achene has a crown of several awned scales at its apex. The root system consists of a short branching taproot. This wildflower spreads into new areas by reseeding itself.

Cultivation: The preference is full sun, dry-mesic to dry conditions, and barren ground containing gravel or sand. The lower leaves often wither away before the flowerheads bloom.

Range & Habitat: Bitterweed is occasional in southern Illinois, while in the rest of the state it is rare or absent. Habitats consist of upland prairies, rocky glades, gravelly areas along railroads, roadsides, pastures, and open sandy ground. Bitterweed is somewhat weedy, preferring disturbed areas. It is more common in the southeastern states.

Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a wide variety of insect visitors, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of two moths, Papaipema impecuniosa (Aster Borer Moth) and Papaipema rigida (Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth), bore through the stems and roots of Helenium spp., while the larvae of Smicronyx discoideus (Sneezeweed Weevil) feed on the developing achenes. In prairies and other open areas, the Greater Prairie Chicken eats the seeds and/or dried seedheads. Because the foliage is bitter and toxic, it is usually avoided by mammalian herbivores. When dairy cows graze on the foliage of Bitterweed in overgrazed pastures, it provides their milk with a bitter taste. If the foliage is eaten in sufficient quantities, it can kill horses and other domesticated farm animals.

Photographic Location: A flower garden at the Arboretum of the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois.


Comments: This is one of many wildflowers in the Aster family that produces showy yellow flowerheads during the summer and fall. Like other species in its genus, the flowerheads of Bitterweed have very distinctive petal-like rays with broad 3-toothed tips. Bitterweed is also distinguished by its very narrow leaves (less than 1/8" across) that are nearly filiform; they often occur in short clusters along the stems. Other Helenium spp. in Illinois have wider leaves and they prefer habitats that are more damp.

Helenium amarum, Sneezeweed, Bitterweed ......#8

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Vietnamese named :
Common names :
Scientist name : Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock
Synonyms :
Family : Asteraceae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
(unranked):Angiosperms
(unranked):Eudicots
(unranked):Asterids
Order:Asterales
Tribe:Helenieae
Genus:Helenium
Species:H. amarum

**** www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Helenium+amarum

**** en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helenium_amarum

**** www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/bitterweed.html

**** www.flowerspictures.org/flower-pictures/helenium-amarum_1...

**** www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=2...

**** www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Helenium_amarum_page.html

readmore »»   Read More..

Cool Names Of Flowers With Pictures images

Old Chinese Vase with Flowers

Image by epSos.de
This free picture of the old Chinese vase with flowers was created for the good friend epSos.de. Other friends can use it for free too.

This beautiful picture can be used for free, if you link epSos.de as the original author of the image.

This beautiful porcelain vase was an artistic work from the Peranakans. The posture of the cranes and the detailed paintings of the colorful flowers brought the Asian culture to life. Simple handwritten Chinese characters in the white background depicts the name of the artist and this vase.

The old vase and the paintings showed us the livelihood of the Peranakans of those days. Beautifying their houses with big porcelain decorations is part of their culture. They are inspired from the nature, like the birds or flowers. Hand painted old porcelain vases are seen as antiques today and are worth keeping for many antique collectors.

Thank you for sharing this picture with your friends !

Close up of leaves and flowers of Ludwigia hyssopifolia ... Lá và hoa của cây Rau mương thon chụp gần ....

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Vietnamese named : Rau mương thon; Rau lục; Rau lức; (rau) Cuốn chiếu
English names : Seedbox
Scientist name : Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell apud A. & R. Fernandes
Synonyms : Jussieua hyssopifolia G. Don, Jusssieua linifolia Vahl, Ludwigia linifolia Poir.
Family : Onegraceae . Họ Rau Dừa Nước

Searched from :

**** TRUNG TÂM DỮ LIỆU THỰC VẬT VIETNAM
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=edir&v=Ludwigia%20hyss...

Tên Khoa học: Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell apud A. & R. Fernandes
Tên tiếng Anh:
Tên tiếng Việt: Rau mương thon; Rau lục; Rau lức; (rau) Cuốn chiếu
Tên khác: Jussieua hyssopifolia G. Don, Jusssieua linifolia Vahl, Ludwigia linifolia Poir.

**** VHO.VN.
www.vho.vn/view.htm?ID=2078&keyword=Tiêu%20chảy

Rau mương, Rau mương thon, Rau lục - Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G.don) Exell (Jussiaea linifolia Vahl) thuộc họ Rau dừa nước - Onagraceae.

Mô tả: Cây thảo cao 25-50cm, phân nhánh, mọc đứng, thân và cành có 4 góc tù. Lá hình dải -ngọn giáo, thuôn hẹp dài thành cuống, nhọn mũi, dài 4-8cm, rộng 10-15mm. Hoa nhỏ màu trắng trắng ở nách lá, không cuống. Quả hình trụ, nhẵn hơi phồng lên ở đỉnh, dài 15-18mm, rộng 2,5mm, chứa nhiều hạt hình bầu dục.

Bộ phận dùng: Toàn cây - Herba Ludwigiae Hyssopifoliae.

Nơi sống và thu hái: Loài liên nhiệt đới. Ở nước ta cây mọc ở những chỗ ẩm ven các ngòi nước, hồ nước, các bờ đê, gò ruộng, ruộng cạn dần, tới độ cao 1500m, từ Lào Cai, Quảng Ninh, qua Quảng Trị, Thừa Thiên- Huế vào các tỉnh Tây Nguyên tới các tỉnh đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Thu hái cây vào mùa hè thu, rửa sạch, dùng tươi hoặc thái nhỏ, phơi khô dùng dần.

Tính vị, tác dụng: Vị ngọt nhạt, hơi sít, tính mát; có tác dụng thanh nhiệt giải độc, trừ thấp, tiêu thũng, cầm ỉa chảy và lỵ, mát máu tiêu sưng.

Công dụng, chỉ định và phối hợp: Nhân dân một số nơi dùng các ngọn non làm rau nấu canh ăn và dùng làm thuốc trị: 1. Cảm mạo phát sốt, sình bụng, viêm họng; 2. Viêm ruột ỉa chảy, kiết lỵ. Liều dùng 20-40g khô (hoặc 40-50g cây tươi) sao vàng hạ thổ rồi sắc uống.

Ở Ấn Ðộ, nước sắc rễ dùng trị giang mai.

Ở Lào, cây được dùng trị đau khớp.

Dùng ngoài trị mụn lở sưng đau; lấy cây tươi giã đắp, có khi còn nấu với phèn chua và tro bếp làm thuốc trị nấm ăn chân.

Ðơn thuốc:

1. Chữa viêm miệng: Nấu nước ngậm súc miệng.

2. Chữa mụn lở: Giã lá cây tươi đắp.

**** CTU.EDU.VN.
www.ctu.edu.vn/departments/dra/2010/so15/15b/027.pdf

30 cây thuốc thuộc các tỉnh đồng bằng sông Cửu Long, thường được dân gian sử dụng trị
viêm nhiễm, được thử hoạt tính kháng khuẩn, xác định nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu (MIC)
bằng phương pháp khuếch tán trên thạch và pha loãng trong thạch trên các chủng vi
khuẩn gây bệnh trên cá: Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda và Aeromonas
hydrophila. Kết quả cho thấy các cây thuốc này đều có khả năng kháng khuẩn (MIC=16-
2048μg/ml). Hoạt phổ mạnh trên cả 3 loại vi khuẩn thử nghiệm là Bàng, Ổi, Trầu không,
Tràm (MIC=64-512 μg/ml). Tác động mạnh nhất trên Aeromonas hydrophila là Bàng
(MIC=128 μg/ml); trên Edwardsiella ictaluri là Sâm đại hành (MIC=16 μg/ml); trên
Edwardsiella tarda là Rau mương (MIC=32 μg/ml). Trong các cây có khả năng kháng
khuẩn mạnh, cây Ổi có hiệu suất chiết xuất cao nhất (5,37%) và kế đến là cây Tràm
(3,37%). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tiềm năng của cây thuốc nam có thể thay thế kháng
sinh phòng trị bệnh cho cá trong tương lai.

**** Y HỌC CỔ TRUYỀN TUỆ TĨNH
www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn/dongy/show_target.plx?url=/thuocdongy/...


________________________________________________________


**** CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITY
www.ctu.edu.vn/departments/dra/2010/so15/15b/027.pdf

222
HOẠT TÍNH KHÁNG VI KHUẨN GÂY BỆNH TRÊN CÁ
CỦA MỘT SỐ CÂY THUỐC NAM Ở ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG
CỬU LONG
Huỳnh Kim Diệu1
ABSTRACT
30 medicinal plants in Mekong delta were tested antibacterial activity to determine the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda
and Aeromonas hydrophila. The result showed that all tested medicinal plants had
antibacterial activity (MIC=16-2048μg/ml). The greastest antibacterial activity against
the experimented bacteria were Terminalia catappa, Psidium guajava, Piper betle and
Melaleuca leucadendra (MIC=64-512 μg/ml). The greastest antibacterial activity against
Aeromonas hydrophila was Terminalia catappa (MIC=128 μg/ml), against Edwardsiella
ictaluri was Eleutherine bulbosa (MIC=16 μg/ml) and against Edwardsiella tarda was
Ludwigia hyssopifolia (MIC=32 μg/ml). In those having significant antibacterial activity,
Psidium guajava had best extract productivity (5,37%) and second Melaleuca
leucadendra (3,37%). This study shows the potential to replace the antibiotics by
medicinal plants in preventing and treating fish pathogens in future.
Keywords: medicinal plants, antibacterial activity, fish pathogens, extract productivity
Title: Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam
against common fish pathogens

**** JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY
www-public.jcu.edu.au/discovernature/weedscommon/JCUDEV_0...
Plant usually in moist areas. Leaves to 10 cm long, 1-3 cm wide. Petals 4, yellow to orange, stamens 8, capsule to 3 cm long. Seeds dimorphic, seeds in top of capsule paler and shorter than seeds in lower portion, 0.5 v. 0.85 mm long.

**** WIKI
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ludwigia_hyssopifolia

**** NATURELOVEYOU
www.natureloveyou.sg/Ludwigia hyssopifolia/Main.html

This plant has small yellow flowers, with petals about 2 to 4 mm long. There is a similar looking plant with larger flowers, named L. octovalvis, having petals of about 1 to 2 cm long. Each flower should have 4 petals. The flower in the left picture below has 5 petals, which is considered rare. This is the only 5-petal flower I saw on that plant while the rest of the flowers on the same plant have 4 petals. The right picture below shows L. hyssopifolia growing together with L. octovalvis. The plant with long, narrow leaves is L. octovalvis.

Ludwigia hysopifolia 's flower close up ... Chụp gần hoa của cây Rau Mương thon, Rau Lục,...

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Rất dễ nhầm lẫn cây Ludwigia hyssopifolia với cây Ludwigia Octovalvis, vì hoa của nó trông gần giống nhau, trái của nó cũng giồng nhau , tuy nhiên nếu bạn xem lại thì bạn sẽ thấy cây Ludwigia hyssopifolis có hoa rất nhỏ cở chừng 3 đến 4 mm. Còn hoa của cây Ludwigia octovalvis thì to hơn , cở chừng 2 đến 3 hay đến 4 cm nếu mọc ở vùng đất tốt .


Vietnamese named : Rau mương thon; Rau lục; Rau lức; (rau) Cuốn chiếu
English names : Seedbox
Scientist name : Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell apud A. & R. Fernandes
Synonyms : Jussieua hyssopifolia G. Don, Jusssieua linifolia Vahl, Ludwigia linifolia Poir.
Family : Onegraceae . Họ Rau Dừa Nước

Searched from :

**** TRUNG TÂM DỮ LIỆU THỰC VẬT VIETNAM
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=edir&v=Ludwigia%20hyss...

Tên Khoa học: Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exell apud A. & R. Fernandes
Tên tiếng Anh:
Tên tiếng Việt: Rau mương thon; Rau lục; Rau lức; (rau) Cuốn chiếu
Tên khác: Jussieua hyssopifolia G. Don, Jusssieua linifolia Vahl, Ludwigia linifolia Poir.

**** VHO.VN.
www.vho.vn/view.htm?ID=2078&keyword=Tiêu%20chảy

Rau mương, Rau mương thon, Rau lục - Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G.don) Exell (Jussiaea linifolia Vahl) thuộc họ Rau dừa nước - Onagraceae.

Mô tả: Cây thảo cao 25-50cm, phân nhánh, mọc đứng, thân và cành có 4 góc tù. Lá hình dải -ngọn giáo, thuôn hẹp dài thành cuống, nhọn mũi, dài 4-8cm, rộng 10-15mm. Hoa nhỏ màu trắng trắng ở nách lá, không cuống. Quả hình trụ, nhẵn hơi phồng lên ở đỉnh, dài 15-18mm, rộng 2,5mm, chứa nhiều hạt hình bầu dục.

Bộ phận dùng: Toàn cây - Herba Ludwigiae Hyssopifoliae.

Nơi sống và thu hái: Loài liên nhiệt đới. Ở nước ta cây mọc ở những chỗ ẩm ven các ngòi nước, hồ nước, các bờ đê, gò ruộng, ruộng cạn dần, tới độ cao 1500m, từ Lào Cai, Quảng Ninh, qua Quảng Trị, Thừa Thiên- Huế vào các tỉnh Tây Nguyên tới các tỉnh đồng bằng sông Cửu Long. Thu hái cây vào mùa hè thu, rửa sạch, dùng tươi hoặc thái nhỏ, phơi khô dùng dần.

Tính vị, tác dụng: Vị ngọt nhạt, hơi sít, tính mát; có tác dụng thanh nhiệt giải độc, trừ thấp, tiêu thũng, cầm ỉa chảy và lỵ, mát máu tiêu sưng.

Công dụng, chỉ định và phối hợp: Nhân dân một số nơi dùng các ngọn non làm rau nấu canh ăn và dùng làm thuốc trị: 1. Cảm mạo phát sốt, sình bụng, viêm họng; 2. Viêm ruột ỉa chảy, kiết lỵ. Liều dùng 20-40g khô (hoặc 40-50g cây tươi) sao vàng hạ thổ rồi sắc uống.

Ở Ấn Ðộ, nước sắc rễ dùng trị giang mai.

Ở Lào, cây được dùng trị đau khớp.

Dùng ngoài trị mụn lở sưng đau; lấy cây tươi giã đắp, có khi còn nấu với phèn chua và tro bếp làm thuốc trị nấm ăn chân.

Ðơn thuốc:

1. Chữa viêm miệng: Nấu nước ngậm súc miệng.

2. Chữa mụn lở: Giã lá cây tươi đắp.

**** CTU.EDU.VN.
www.ctu.edu.vn/departments/dra/2010/so15/15b/027.pdf

30 cây thuốc thuộc các tỉnh đồng bằng sông Cửu Long, thường được dân gian sử dụng trị
viêm nhiễm, được thử hoạt tính kháng khuẩn, xác định nồng độ ức chế tối thiểu (MIC)
bằng phương pháp khuếch tán trên thạch và pha loãng trong thạch trên các chủng vi
khuẩn gây bệnh trên cá: Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda và Aeromonas
hydrophila. Kết quả cho thấy các cây thuốc này đều có khả năng kháng khuẩn (MIC=16-
2048μg/ml). Hoạt phổ mạnh trên cả 3 loại vi khuẩn thử nghiệm là Bàng, Ổi, Trầu không,
Tràm (MIC=64-512 μg/ml). Tác động mạnh nhất trên Aeromonas hydrophila là Bàng
(MIC=128 μg/ml); trên Edwardsiella ictaluri là Sâm đại hành (MIC=16 μg/ml); trên
Edwardsiella tarda là Rau mương (MIC=32 μg/ml). Trong các cây có khả năng kháng
khuẩn mạnh, cây Ổi có hiệu suất chiết xuất cao nhất (5,37%) và kế đến là cây Tràm
(3,37%). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tiềm năng của cây thuốc nam có thể thay thế kháng
sinh phòng trị bệnh cho cá trong tương lai.

**** Y HỌC CỔ TRUYỀN TUỆ TĨNH
www.lrc-tnu.edu.vn/dongy/show_target.plx?url=/thuocdongy/...


________________________________________________________


**** CẦN THƠ UNIVERSITY
www.ctu.edu.vn/departments/dra/2010/so15/15b/027.pdf

222
HOẠT TÍNH KHÁNG VI KHUẨN GÂY BỆNH TRÊN CÁ
CỦA MỘT SỐ CÂY THUỐC NAM Ở ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG
CỬU LONG
Huỳnh Kim Diệu1
ABSTRACT
30 medicinal plants in Mekong delta were tested antibacterial activity to determine the
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on Edwardsiella ictaluri, Edwardsiella tarda
and Aeromonas hydrophila. The result showed that all tested medicinal plants had
antibacterial activity (MIC=16-2048μg/ml). The greastest antibacterial activity against
the experimented bacteria were Terminalia catappa, Psidium guajava, Piper betle and
Melaleuca leucadendra (MIC=64-512 μg/ml). The greastest antibacterial activity against
Aeromonas hydrophila was Terminalia catappa (MIC=128 μg/ml), against Edwardsiella
ictaluri was Eleutherine bulbosa (MIC=16 μg/ml) and against Edwardsiella tarda was
Ludwigia hyssopifolia (MIC=32 μg/ml). In those having significant antibacterial activity,
Psidium guajava had best extract productivity (5,37%) and second Melaleuca
leucadendra (3,37%). This study shows the potential to replace the antibiotics by
medicinal plants in preventing and treating fish pathogens in future.
Keywords: medicinal plants, antibacterial activity, fish pathogens, extract productivity
Title: Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants in the Mekong Delta of Viet Nam
against common fish pathogens

**** JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY
www-public.jcu.edu.au/discovernature/weedscommon/JCUDEV_0...
Plant usually in moist areas. Leaves to 10 cm long, 1-3 cm wide. Petals 4, yellow to orange, stamens 8, capsule to 3 cm long. Seeds dimorphic, seeds in top of capsule paler and shorter than seeds in lower portion, 0.5 v. 0.85 mm long.

**** WIKI
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ludwigia_hyssopifolia

**** NATURELOVEYOU
www.natureloveyou.sg/Ludwigia hyssopifolia/Main.html

This plant has small yellow flowers, with petals about 2 to 4 mm long. There is a similar looking plant with larger flowers, named L. octovalvis, having petals of about 1 to 2 cm long. Each flower should have 4 petals. The flower in the left picture below has 5 petals, which is considered rare. This is the only 5-petal flower I saw on that plant while the rest of the flowers on the same plant have 4 petals. The right picture below shows L. hyssopifolia growing together with L. octovalvis. The plant with long, narrow leaves is L. octovalvis.

White flower

Image by one_green_star
Taken at Killerton House (NT).

Hopeless with the names of flowers though - I shoul note them down when I am taking the pictures.

I thought I did well with the bokeh in this one.

readmore »»   Read More..

Nice Names Of Flowers With Pictures photos

London in Flower

Image by BerylM
I love flowers and such, and taking pictures of them, but I'm pretty hopeless with the names, so if I haven't named a flower (or I've got it wrong!) PLEASE drop a comment on telling me what it should be!! Ta muchly!

London in Flower

Image by BerylM
I love flowers and such, and taking pictures of them, but I'm pretty hopeless with the names, so if I haven't named a flower (or I've got it wrong!) PLEASE drop a comment on telling me what it should be!! Ta muchly!

London in Flower

Image by BerylM
I love flowers and such, and taking pictures of them, but I'm pretty hopeless with the names, so if I haven't named a flower (or I've got it wrong!) PLEASE drop a comment on telling me what it should be!! Ta muchly!

London in Flower

Image by BerylM
I love flowers and such, and taking pictures of them, but I'm pretty hopeless with the names, so if I haven't named a flower (or I've got it wrong!) PLEASE drop a comment on telling me what it should be!! Ta muchly!

London in Flower

Image by BerylM
I love flowers and such, and taking pictures of them, but I'm pretty hopeless with the names, so if I haven't named a flower (or I've got it wrong!) PLEASE drop a comment on telling me what it should be!! Ta muchly!

readmore »»   Read More..

Nice Flowers Pictures And Names photos

Cockscomb

Image by Himanshu Sarpotdar
Common name: Cockscomb, Lalmurga लाल मुर्ग़ा (Hindi), Haolei (Manipuri), Kozhi poo கோழிப்பூ (Tamil)

Botanical name: Celosia argentea var. cristata (syn. Celosia cristata)
- [ (se-LO-see-uh) or (kay-LO-see-uh) from the Greek kelos, meaning dry, burnt; referring to its color; (ar-JEN-tee-uh) meaning silvery ]
Family: Amaranthaceae (amaranth family)

Origin: Americas, Africa, or Asia

Unnamed yellow flower

Image by dragontoller
Can anyone put a name to this flower? Haven't had much luck identifying it.

AndersonGarden20091325

Image by stre@mz
Field Notes : beautiful spring bloom (2009). sorry don't know the name of the flower.... On 1st May 09 I was shooting all afternoon in Anderson Japanese Garden , Rockford IL.

Best viewed in large format

Tech Notes : used my 18-200 VR Nikkor .. yes I had to be very close to the subject.... I do not remember but I guess I used VR on to reduce the hand-shake,

please post your comments and critique .... constructive comments would be highly appreciated.....

thanks
streamz

Ixora Pink

Image by Himanshu Sarpotdar
Common name: Ixora, Jungle geranium, Rugmini रुगमिनी (Hindi), Vedchi (Tamil), Rangan (Bengali), Chethi (Malayalam)
Botanical name: Ixora coccinea

Bog Aspodel

Image by gingiber
Bog Aspodel
Narthecium ossifragum

Gaelic name: Bliochan

readmore »»   Read More..

Nice Names Of Flowers With Pictures photos

Andrea with the Barcode Wales - Beyond the Visible exhibition

Image by col&tasha
Andrea's photographs illustrate some of the plant species DNA barcoded as part of the Barcode Wales project. She takes a different approach to her subjects. Instead of photographs that look 'at' the world around us, she wants us to be part of that landscape and involved with it. Instead of 'pictures of plants' she asks us to imagine being part of their world, like a bee foraging through their habitat. Her photographs give equal value to all plants not just the rare or conventionally beautiful.

Below the photographs is a visual representation of the plants DNA barcode. The Barcode Wales project is also about giving value to every plant species and its DNA barcode allows us to understand their habitats in new ways. The name of the species is not given on the photographs, instead the DNA barcode represents the signature of the species, as it is the DNA code locked up in every cell of the plant's body. The DNA barcode visualisations use the actual rbcL DNA barcode of the species with the A,G,C,Ts of the DNA bases each having a different colour and shape. The shapes are the Morse code for that letter. The visualisations were designed by Col Ford who wrote a software script to generate the visualisations from the Barcode Wales database. The Barcode Wales - Beyond the Visible exhibition is a collaboration between art, science and software engineering.

The Barcode Wales Paper: dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0037945

www.gardenofwales.org.uk/science/barcode-wales/
www.smu.ac.uk/research/index.php/andrea-liggins

Leonardslee Gardens, West Sussex, UK | Landscape and Lake views with flowering azaleas and rhododendrons (6 of 19)

Image by ukgardenphotos
Leonardslee Gardens: Landscape Garden and lake views

For a few weeks in May of each year, Leonardslee Gardens in West Sussex, UK, erupt into a spectacular display of the most amazing color combinations of flowering rhododendrons and azaleas. The green, wooded valley gardens then turn into a place of vivid colors and outstanding natural beauty. Filled with the scent of the massed azalea plantings the whole area becomes a forest paradise. Visitors have often described its beauty and tranquility as being like ‘heaven-on-earth’.

This photograph is a view from the memorial table area over a large pink rhododendron towards the distant lake.

For many years, tens of thousands of visitors have enjoyed the ‘picture postcard’ qualities of this Grade 1 historic garden. Unfortunately, the gardens are now closed to the public as they have been sold to an international businessman.

Details: Leonardslee Gardens is a truly outstanding English landscape garden having a Grade 1 Historic Garden status (English Heritage Register). It covers about 240 acres (97 Hectares) in a wooded valley, contains seven lakes and is extensively planted with azaleas, ancient rhododendrons (some well over 100 years old), acers and camellias - all with a delightful under planting of bluebells in spring.

The great Victorian plant collector, Sir Edmund Loder (who gave his name to the large flowered and scented Loderi Rhododendron Hybrids) purchased the estate in 1889 and planted large numbers of Rhododendrons there. Sir Giles Loder later planted an extensive collection of camellias at Leonardslee. The estate remained in the hands of five generations of the Loder family until 2010 when it was sold to an international businessman. However, the Loder Rhododendron nursery was not sold and is still in business.

Location: Leonardslee Gardens, Lower Beeding, Horsham, West Sussex, England, RH13 6PP, UK. UK Map references: OSGB36 Grid ref:: TQ220259: Map tile ref: TQ22NW40

Links: A more detailed history of Leonardslee Gardens is available on Wikipedia. Leonardslee nursery is still run by Chris Loder and his website contains useful information on Rhododendron Loderi, its varieties and hybrids.

© 2011 ukgardenphotos

Fruits,flowers and buds are under leaves of Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus niruri, Stonebreaker ....Trái,hoa và nụ ở dưới lá của cây Chó đẻ trái xanh, Diệp hạ châu đắng ..

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
TÔI CÓ MỘT KINH NGHIÊM : không hái cây thuốc này vào mùa mưa, chỉ hái vào mùa khô ( nắng ) thì mới có công dụng .Nếu bạn nấu thuốc để uống mà không còn thấy vị đắng nữa, thì bỏ đi, đừng tiếc .
Tôi đã có lần hái thuốc vào mùa mưa, thuốc không đắng, uống vào lại còn bị nhức đầu . Vị của thuốc không giống như khi tôi hái trong mùa nắng ( ở Sai Gon, thành phố Hồ chí Minh ).


Vietnamese named : Chó đẻ,Chó đẻ trái xanh, Diệp hạ châu đắng ( Ngọc dưới lá )
English names : Chanca Piedra, Stone Breaker, carry-me-seed, gale-wind grass, hurricane weed
Scientist name : Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn
Synonyms : Phyllanthus niruri, Phyllanthus carolinianus, P, sellowianus, P. fraternus, P. kirganella, P. lathyroides, P. lonphali, Nymphanthus niruri
Family : Euphorbiaceae. Họ Thầu Dầu

Searched from :

**** TRUNG TÂM DỮ LIỆU THỰC VẬT VIETNAM
www.botanyvn.com/cnt.asp?param=news&newsid=788
Diệp hạ châu đắng được trồng trên đất pha cát hay đất cát pha và đất bạc màu vùng ven biển, nên được cày bừa kỹ, lợi trừ hết cỏ dại. Theo kinh nghiệm của nhân dân, lá diệp hạ châu đắng dùng làm thuốc chữa bệnh gan, ăn uống khó tiêu, bí tiểu tiện…

Thông tin chung

Tên thường gọi: Diệp hạ châu đắng
Tên khác: Diệp hạ châu đắng hay còn gọi là chó đẻ răng cưa, chó đẻ thân xanh
Tên khoa học: Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn.
Tên tiếng Anh:
Thuộc họ Thầu dầu – Euphorbiaceae.

Theo kinh nghiệm của nhân dân, lá diệp hạ châu đắng dùng làm thuốc chữa bệnh gan, ăn uống khó tiêu, bí tiểu tiện… Kết quả nghiên cứu về thành phần hóa học đã xác định trong lá của diệp hạ châu đắng có chứa nhiều nhóm hoạt chất. Trong đó, đáng chú ý có hợp chất hypophyllanthin, phyllantin… là các lignan có tác dụng ức chế DNA polymerase của virut viêm gan B và các chủng virut khác. Từ những kết quả nghiên cứu này, nhiều hãng dược phẩm trên thế giới và trong nước đã chế tạo ra một số dạng thuốc từ diệp hạ châu đắng để chữa bệnh viêm gan và bảo vệ gan.

Để chủ động về nguyên liệu làm thuốc, ngay từ năm 2000, Trung tâm Bảo tồn và phát triển Dược liệu Miền Trung đã nghiên cứu trồng thành công cây diệp hạ châu đắng trên đất pha cát và đất bạc màu gò đồi ở vùng ven biển. Vài năm trở lại đây, cây thuốc này đã được đưa vào sản xuất mỗi năm tới vài chục hecta để xuất khẩu, mang lại một nguồn thu đáng kể cho một bộ phận bà con nông dân ở tỉnh Phú Yên.

Sau đây là tóm tắt quy trình trồng cây diệp hạ châu đắng trên đất pha cát và đất bạc màu gò đồi ở vùng ven biển Miền Trung.

Mô tả

Diệp hạ châu đắng là loại cây thảo, sống 1 năm; thân mọc thẳng, cao 40-70 cm, phan cành ít. Lá kép lông chim, mọc so le; hoa và quả mọc dưới lá. Trong tự nhiên, cây thường mọc trên đất ẩm ở ven đồi, trên nương rẫy, bãi hoang hay ven đường đi và quanh làng bản, ở cả miền núi lẫn trung du và đồng bằng.

Đặc điểm sinh thái cây trồng

Diệp hạ châu đắng là cây ưa sáng, ưa ẩm nhưng không chịu được ngập úng. Cây sống được trên nhiều loại đất (đất bazan, đất pha cát, đất cát, đất phù sa…) pH từ 5,0 đến 6,5. Biên độ nhiệt thích hợp cho cây sinh trưởng là 25-30oC. Cây ra hoa quả nhiều, tái sinh tốt từ hạt; vòng đời kéo dài 3-5 tháng.

Kỹ thuật trồng

Thời vụ

Gieo hạt ở vườn ươm: tháng 1-2; trồng cây con: tháng 2-3; thu hoạch: tháng 4-5 (sau khi trồng 45-50 ngày). Nhìn chung, thời vụ trồng diệp hạ châu đắng kéo dài cả mùa khô, tận dụng trời nắng để phơi.

Gieo hạt và chăm sóc cây con

Gieo hạt ở vườn ươm sau nhổ cây con đi trồng. Đất vườn ươm được cày bừa kỹ, vơ hết cỏ, bón lót phân quy ra 1 ha: phân chuồng 30 tấn; phân vi sinh 10 tấn; vôi bột 500 kg. Đất vườn ươm lên luống rộng 1 m, cao 20-25 cm. Lượng hạt gieo 3g/m2. Trước khi gieo cần xử lý bằng atonic với tỷ lệ 1 gói atonic 10 g pha với 40 lít nước cho 8 kg hạt giống. Hạt ngâm trong dung dịch này 4 giờ, sau vớt ra để ráo nước, trộn với cát ẩm ủ 3-4 ngày cho đến khi thấy nứt nanh thì đem gieo.

Gieo vãi đều trên mặt luống, xoa nhẹ mặt luống cho lấp hạt, phủ bằng rơm rạ băm nhỏ, tưới nước ngay.

Đề phòng kiến ăn hạt, sau khi gieo cần phun thuốc basudin (theo liều lượng được nhà sản xuất ghi trên bao bì).

ạt diệp hạ châu đắng sẽ mọc sau 5-7 ngày. Khi câu con có 3-4 lá thật cần tỉa bỏ những cây yếu, chỉ để lại mật độ 2x2 cm / cây. Quá trình chăm sóc cây con ở vườn ươm đơn giản, luôn tưới nước cho đất ẩm, sau 20-25 ngày nhổ đi trồng. Lúc này cây giống cao 8-10 cm, thân mập, có bộ rễ phát triển.

Cấy cây con và chăm sóc trên đồng ruộng

Làm đất

Diệp hạ châu đắng được trồng trên đất pha cát hay đất cát pha và đất bạc màu vùng ven biển, nên được cày bừa kỹ, lợi trừ hết cỏ dại. Lượng phân chuồng, phân vi sinh bón lót tương tự như ở vườn ươm. Nếu đất có pH dưới 5, cần bón lót tới 1 tấn vôi bột / ha. Để thuận lợi cho việc chăm sóc, đất trồng diệp hạ châu đắng cần lên luống rộng 1-1,5 m, cao 20-25 cm.

Trồng cây con

Cây trồng xong, tưới nước ngay; sau 3 ngày dùng dung dịch atonic 0,1% (1 gói 10 g pha với 10 lít nước) phun vào luống cho cây mau bén rễ; xau 7 ngày xới đất phá váng lần 1; sau 10 ngày phun dung dịch atonic lần 2, cây trồng cần làm cỏ và xới đất 1 lần nữa trước khi tán lá giao nhau.

Do trồng vào mùa khô nên thường xuyên phải tưới nước. Thời gian tưới nước tốt nhất là lúc chiều tối hoặc trước 9 h sáng.
Thu hoạch và chế biến sau thu hoạch

Thu hoạch

Sau khi trồng khoảng 45-50 ngày, cây diệp hạ châu đắng cao 60-70 cm. Lấy liềm cắt phần thân mang cành lá (cách mặt đất khoảng 4-5 cm); bó thành từng bó 4-5 kg; sau đó được vận chuyển ngay đến nơi chế biến (dược liệu tươi không để quá 4 giờ). Năng suất đạt 10-12 tấn tươi / ha / vụ. Một năm có thể trồng 2 vụ, tương đương 20-25 triệu đồng / ha.

Chế biến sau thu hoạch

Diệp hạ châu đắng được phơi trên sân xi măng 2-3 năng, có thể rũ lấy lá khô (do thu hoạch trong mùa khô, nên không phải sấy).

Dược liệu khô là lá vẫn còn màu xanh và không lẫn tạp chất.

Đóng gói

Dùng máy ép, ép từ 30-50 kg / khối, đóng trong bao nilon, ngoài bao tải để xuất khẩu hoặc cung cấp cho các nhà máy dược phẩm.

Đóng gói 250 gam / túi rút chân không, cung cấp cho csac cơ sở sử dụng bán lẻ.

Dạng bột chiết sấy phun 1 kg / túi, trong bao nhôm; cung cấp cho các nhà máy dược phẩm chế tạo thuôc.

Kết luận

Diệp hạ châu đắng là cây thuốc dễ trồng, cây không kén đất.

Vài năm trở lại đây, Trung tâm Bảo tồn và Phát triển Dược liệu Miền Trung đã hướng dẫn bà con nông dân tỉnh Phú Yên trồng cây thuốc này trên đất pha cát và đất bạc màu ở ven biển, kết quả đã mang lại giá trị kinh tế cao hơn hẳn các loại cây trồng khác. Mô hình này có thể áp dụng rộng rãi ra các tỉnh ven biển khác, cũng như ở các tỉnh thuộc vùng núi thấp và trung du miền núi của nước ta.

Theo: Lê Thị Tuyết Anh – Trần Quốc Hùng (Cây thuốc quý – Tạp chí về dược liệu và sức khỏe cộng đồng)

Phuong.BVN

**** VIETROSELLE.COM
vietroselle.com/content/news/baithuocdiephachau_tt.php

**** UPHCM.EDU.VN.
www.uphcm.edu.vn/caythuoc/index.php?q=node/89

______________________________________________________

**** plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PHAM5
**** www.stuartxchange.com/SampaSampalukan.html

**** www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21176271
Int Braz J Urol. 2010 Nov-Dec;36(6):657-64; discussion 664.
Phyllanthus niruri as a promising alternative treatment for nephrolithiasis.
Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N.
Source
Renal Division, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Unifesp, Sao Paulo, Brazil. mirian@nefro.epm.br
Abstract
In spite of considerable efforts to identify effective treatments for urolithiasis, this is a goal yet to be achieved. This review summarizes experimental and clinical data evaluating the effect of the plant Phyllanthus niruri, a plant with worldwide distribution, as a potential agent to prevent and/or to treat urolithiasis The review is based on data from the literature and on the results obtained by our group from either in vivo/in vitro experiments or clinical studies. Phyllanthus niruri has been shown to interfere with many stages of stone formation, reducing crystals aggregation, modifying their structure and composition as well as altering the interaction of the crystals with tubular cells leading to reduced subsequent endocytosis. The clinical beneficial effects of Phyllanthus niruri may be related to ureteral relaxation, helping to eliminate calculi or to clear fragments following lithotripsy, or also to a putative reduction of the excretion of urinary crystallization promoters such as calcium. No adverse renal, cardiovascular, neurological or toxic effects have been detected in either of these studies. Altogether, these studies suggest a preventive effect of Phyllanthus niruri in stone formation or elimination, but still longer-term randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm its therapeutic properties.
PMID: 21176271 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Free full text

**** www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19397979
J Ethnopharmacol. 2009 Jul 15;124(2):233-9. Epub 2009 May 3.
Mechanisms of antihyperuricemic effect of Phyllanthus niruri and its lignan constituents.
Murugaiyah V, Chan KL.
Source
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE:
Phyllanthus niruri Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) is used as folk medicine in South America to treat excess uric acid. Our initial study showed that the methanol extract of Phyllanthus niruri and its lignans were able to reverse the plasma uric acid of hyperuricemic animals.
AIM OF THE STUDY:
The study was undertaken to investigate the mechanisms of antihyperuricemic effect of Phyllanthus niruri and its lignan constituents.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The mechanisms were investigated using xanthine oxidase assay and uricosuric studies in potassium oxonate- and uric acid-induced hyperuricemic rats.
RESULTS:
Phyllanthus niruri methanol extract exhibited in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibition with an IC50 of 39.39 microg/mL and a moderate in vivo xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. However, the lignans display poor xanthine oxidase inhibition in vitro and a relatively weak in vivo inhibitory activity at 10mg/kg. On the other hand, intraperitoneal treatment with Phyllanthus niruri methanol extract showed 1.69 folds increase in urinary uric acid excretion when compared to the hyperuricemic control animals. Likewise, the lignans, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin and phyltetralin exhibited up to 2.51 and 11.0 folds higher in urinary uric acid excretion and clearance, respectively. The co-administration of pyrazinamide with phyllanthin exhibited a significant suppression of phyllanthin's uricosuric activity resembling that of pyrazinamide with benzbromarone.
CONCLUSIONS:
The present study showed that the antihyperuricemic effect of Phyllanthus niruri methanol extract may be mainly due to its uricosuric action and partly through xanthine oxidase inhibition, whereas the antihyperuricemic effect of the lignans was attributed to their uricosuric action.
PMID: 19397979 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

**** www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20380522
mmunol Invest. 2010 Jan;39(3):245-67.
The effects of Phyllanthus niruri aqueous extract on the activation of murine lymphocytes and bone marrow-derived macrophages.
Nworu CS, Akah PA, Okoye FB, Proksch P, Esimone CO.
Source
Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. csnworu@yahoo.com
Erratum in
Immunol Invest.2010;39(4-5):550.
Abstract
Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) is acclaimed world-wide for its versatile ethnomedicinal uses. It features in recipes used by some herbalists to manage different diseases, including claims of efficacy against many life-threatening infections, such as HIV/AIDS and hepatitis. In order to understand the mechanisms and the involvement of the immune system in mediating these activities, the effects of the aqueous extract of P. niruri on the activation of murine lymphocytes and macrophages were investigated. The study showed that the extract of P. niruri is a potent murine lymphocytes mitogen, inducing significant (p < 0.01) increases in the expression of surface activation maker (CD69) and proliferation of B and T lymphocytes. The production of interferon-gamma (IFN- gamma) and interleukine-4 (IL-4) by P. niruri extract-stimulated naïve splenocytes cultures was also significantly (p < 0.05) increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Various indices of activation and functions murine bone marrow-derived macrophages were significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced by pre-treatment with the extract, including phagocytosis, lysosomal enzymes activity, and TNF-alpha release. Phyllanthus niruri extract was also shown to modulate nitric oxide release by macrophages. These activities suggest that stimulation of the immune system by the extracts of P. niruri could be partly responsible for the ethnomedicinal applications in the management of infectious diseases.
PMID: 20380522 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

**** www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14515028
ndian J Med Sci. 2003 Sep;57(9):387-93.
Effects of alkaloidal extract of Phyllanthus niruri on HIV replication.
Naik AD, Juvekar AR.
Source
Pharmaceutical Division, Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
Abstract
Phyllanthus niruri has been found to exhibit marked inhibitory effect on hepatitis B virus evident by its exhaustive utility in cases of chronic jaundice. However, till date, research has not been focused on identification and validation of active pharmacophores of Phyllanthus niruri responsible for the reported inhibitory effect of its aqueous extract on anti-human immunodeficiency virus. The present investigation examines the anti-HIV effects of the alkaloidal extract of Phyllanthus niruri in human cell lines. The inhibitory effect on HIV replication was monitored in terms of inhibition of virus induced cytopathogenecity in MT-4 cells. The alkaloidal extract of Phyllanthus niruri showed suppressing activity on strains of HIV-1 cells cultured on MT-4 cell lines. The CC50 for the extract was found to be 279.85 microgmL(-1) whereas the EC50 was found to be 20.98 microgmL(-1). Interestingly the Selectivity Index (SI) was found to be 13.34, which showed a clear selective toxicity of the extract for the viral cells. The alkaloidal extract of Phyllanthus niruri was thus found to exhibit sensitive inhibitory response on cytopathic effects induced by both the strains of human immunodeficiency virus on human MT-4 cells in the tested concentrations.
PMID: 14515028 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Free full text

**** PICTURES : rainforest-database.com/plants/Plant-Images/chanca-piedra...

**** rainforest-database.com/plants/chanca.htm or :
RAINTREE.COM ( Click on link to read more, please ).
www.rain-tree.com/chanca.htm
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Phyllanthus
Species: niruri, amarus
Synonyms: Phyllanthus carolinianus, P, sellowianus, P. fraternus, P. kirganella, P. lathyroides, P. lonphali, Nymphanthus niruri
Common Names: Chanca piedra, quebra pedra, stone-breaker, arranca-pedras, punarnava, amli, bhonya, bhoomi amalaki, bhui-amla, bhui amla, bhuianvalah, bhuimy-amali, bhuin-amla, bhumyamalaki, cane peas senna, carry-me-seed, creole senna, daun marisan, derriere-dos, deye do, erva-pombinha, elrageig, elrigeg, evatbimi, gale-wind grass, graine en bas fievre, hurricane weed, jar-amla, jar amla, kizha nelli, malva-pedra, mapatan,para-parai mi, paraparai mi, pei, phyllanto, pombinha, quinine weed, sacha foster, cane senna, creole senna, shka-nin-du, viernes santo, ya-taibai, yaa tai bai, yah-tai-bai, yerba de san pablo
Part Used: Entire plant
From The Healing Power of Rainforest Herbs:

**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllanthus_niruri
The annual herb Phyllanthus niruri is best known by the common names Stonebreaker(Eng.), Chanca Piedra(Sp.) and Quebra Pedra(Port.), Seed-Under-Leaf(Eng.) but has many other common names in assorted languages, including dukong anak, dukong-dukong anak, amin buah, rami buah, turi hutan, bhuiaonla, Meniran (Indonesia), കീഴാനെല്ലി (Malayalam) and கீழாநெல்லி / Keela Nelli (Tamil).The herb is known as Nela Nelli in Kannada and "Nela Usiri" in Telugu. It is a widespread tropical plant commonly found in coastal areas. It is a relative of the spurges, belonging to the leafflower genus of Family Phyllanthaceae.

GROWTH
It grows 50 to 70 centimeters tall and bears ascending herbaceous branches. The bark is smooth and light green. It bears numerous pale green flowers which are often flushed with red. The fruits are tiny, smooth capsules containing seeds.

MEDICINAL USES :
Some of the medicinal properties suggested by preclinical trials are anti-hepatotoxicity,[1] anti-lithic, anti-hypertensive, anti-HIV and anti-hepatitis B.[2][3] However, human trials do not show efficacy against hepatitis B virus.[4]
P. amarus is an important plant of Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine which is used for stomach problems,and for the genitourinary system, liver, kidney and spleen.[5]The plant has long been used in Brazil and Peru as a supposed herbal remedy for kidney stones. Research among sufferers of kidney stones has shown that, while intake of Phyllanthus niruri didn't lead to a significant difference in either stone voiding or pain levels, it may reduce urinary calcium, a contributing factor to stone growth.[6] One study conducted on rats showed that an aqueous solution of Phyllanthus niruri may inhibit kidney stone growth and formation in animals who already have stones

**** TROPILAB.COM
www.tropilab.com/black-cat.html

**** www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/CropFactSheets/phyllanthus.html

**** www.motherherbs.com/phyllanthus-niruri.html

May 5-Flowers

Image by NedraI
Today was the first time since breaking my hand that I felt like taking pictures. It felt good. I make sure I use the neck strap since I can't grip too tightly with my dominant hand. I forgot the name of these flowers. They look like miniature tulips.

readmore »»   Read More..

Nice Names Of Flowers With Pictures photos

Red Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis 's flowers ...Bông Bụp đỏ ...

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Vietnamese named : Bụp, Râm Bụp
English names : Hibiscus, Chinese rose, Japanese rose, Tropical Hibiscus, Shoe Flower
Scientist name : Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.
Synonyms :
Family : Malvaceae. Họ Bông Bụp, Râm Bụp

Searched from :

**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dâm_bụt

Nguồn gốc tên gọi

Loài hoa này vốn có tên gốc là hoa dâng bụt (hoa để dâng lên cho Bụt, tức Phật), về sau do đọc trại mà thành dâm bụt.Dâm bụt còn có nghĩa là Dâm: che bóng, Bụt: Phật . Dâm Bụt là cái lọng che Phật ( vì hoa có hình dạng giống cái lọng
Sử dụng

Tại một số vùng của Ấn Độ, hoa dâm bụt được dùng để đánh giầy, cũng như được dùng trong thờ phụng thần Devi.
Tại Việt Nam, lá và hoa dâm bụt được giã nhỏ trộn với muối đắp trên mụn nhọt đang mưng mủ. Ngoài ra, vỏ rễ dâm bụt dùng để chữa xích, bạch lỵ, bạch đới khí. Dâm bụt là loài cây cảnh rất thông dụng tại Việt nam được trồng nhiều tại các khu vực ven biển do cây có biên độ sinh thái rất lớn, có khả năng chịu đựng được các điều kiện khí hậu khắc nghiệt rất cao: nắng nóng, mưa bão, đát cát ...
Tại Trung Quốc, vỏ rễ cây đước dùng làm thuốc điều kinh, tẩy máu.
Tại Malaysia, cây đước pha nước uống để thông tiểu tiện và chữa mẩn ngứa.

**** VHO.VN.
www.vho.vn/view.htm?ID=1275&keyword=tai

Râm bụt, Bụp, Bông bụp - Hibiscus rosa sinensis L., thuộc họ Bông - Malvaceae.

Mô tả: Cây nhỡ, cao 4-6m. Lá hình bầu dục, nhọn đầu, tròn gốc, mép có răng to; lá kèm hình chỉ nhọn. Hoa ở nách lá, khá lớn, 6-7 mảnh đài nhỏ (tiểu đài) hình sợi; đài hợp màu lục dài gấp 2-3 lần đài nhỏ; tràng 5 cánh hoa màu đỏ; nhị nhiều, tập hợp trên một trụ đài; bầu hình trụ hay hình nón.

Quả nang tròn, chứa nhiều hạt. Mùa hoa tháng 5-7.

Bộ phận dùng: Vỏ rễ hoặc rễ, hoa và lá - Cortex Radicis seu Radix, Flos et Folium Hibisci Rosa Sinensis.

Nơi sống và thu hái: Loài của Trung Quốc, Nhật bản, được trồng làm hàng rào, làm cây cảnh phổ biến ở nhiều nơi. Thu hái rễ và lá quanh năm, thu hái hoa vào mùa hè. Dùng tươi hay phơi khô dùng dần.

Thành phần hoá học: Hoa chứa thiamin, riboflavin, niacin và acid ascorbic. Hoa vò nát chữa sắc tố anthocyanin và cyanin diglucosid. Trong hoa có lá đều có chất nhầy.

Hình 2005. Râm bụt

Cành mang hoa.

Tính vị, tác dụng: Vỏ rễ Râm bụt có vị ngọt, tính bình; có tác dụng điều kinh, chống ho, tiêu viêm. Hoa, lá có vị ngọt, tính bình; có tác dụng thanh nhiệt giải độc, lợi niệu tiêu thũng, chỉ huyết, cố tinh, sát trùng. Ở Ấn Độ, hoa được xem như có tác dụng làm nhầy, làm dịu, làm mát, kích dục và điều kinh; còn lá làm dịu, an thần, tẩy nhẹ, nhuận tràng và rễ lại có tác dụng làm nhầy.

Công dụng, chỉ định và phối hợp: Rễ dùng chữa: 1. Viêm tuyến mang tai, viêm kết mạc cấp; 2. Viêm khí quản, viêm đường tiết niệu; Viêm cổ tử cung, bạch đới. 4. Kinh nguyệt không đều, mất kinh. Hoa dùng chữa kinh nguyệt không đều, khó ngủ hồi hộp, đái đỏ. Lá dùng chữa viêm niêm mạc dạ dày - ruột, đại tiện ra máu, kiết lỵ, mụn nhọt, ghẻ lở, mộng tinh, đái hạ.

Liều dùng vỏ rễ và lá 15-30g, hoa tươi 30g, dạng thuốc sắc, thuốc hãm. Lá và hoa thường dùng ngoài trị mụn nhọt, viêm mủ da, viêm vú, viêm hạch huyết. Dùng tươi đắp ngoài.

Ở Ấn Độ, nước sắc hoa dùng trị bệnh viêm khí quản và đem nấu với bơ dùng trị rong kinh. Nước sắc lá dùng rửa trị sốt; phối hợp với dịch của Cúc bạc đầu Vernonia cinerea Less. được dùng kích thích sự bài tiết sau khi sinh. Rễ được dùng thay rễ của Thục quỳ Althaea, dùng để trị ho; nước sắc rễ dùng trị bệnh hoa liễu và sốt; dịch rễ tươi dùng trị bệnh lậu và rễ tán bột dùng khi bị rong kinh.

Ở Inđônêxia, người ta còn dùn hoa Râm bụt phối hợp với hạt Ðu đủ để dùng vào mục đích gây sẩy thai.

Ðơn thuốc:

1. Viêm tuyến mang tai: Lá hoặc hoa tươi 30g sắc uống. Cũng dùng lá và hoa tươi cùng với lá Phù dung giã nát đắp ngoài.

2. Viêm kết mạc cấp: Rễ Râm bụt 30g sắc uống.

3. Trúng thử cấm khẩu: Lá râm bụt tươi, giã nát, thêm ít muối, vắt nước uống.

4. Kinh nguyệt không đều, thấy sớm kỳ, ngắn vòng hay ra nhiều máu, rong huyết: Vỏ rễ râm bụt, lá Huyết dụ mỗi vị 30g sắc uống.

5. Ðơn độc, mụn nhọt sưng tấy: Lá và hoa Râm bụt tươi giã đắp.

**** KHOA HỌC NET : XIN NHẤP VÀO LINK ĐỂ ĐỌC THÊM ...
www.khoahoc.net/baivo/chuhuutin/280607-hoadambut.htm

Phân tích về Flavonoid Aglycones trên hoa dâm bụt tươi và bảo tồn

___________________________________________________________

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINE PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Gumamela.html
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.
HIBISCUS, CHINA ROSE
Mu Chin

General info
· About 300 species are found worldwide. Its beauty makes it one of the most widely cultivated of flowers, in brilliant huers of red, orange, or purplish-reds, with short-lived but continuing blooms.

Botany
· An erect, much-branched, glabrous shrub, 1 to 4 m high.
· Leaves: glossy green, ovate, acuminate, pointeed, coarsely-toothed, 7 to 12 cm long, alternate, stipulate.
· Flowers: solitary, axillary, very large. Outermost series of bracteoles 6, lanceolate, green, and 8 mm long or less. Calyx green, 2 cm long, lobes ovate. Petals commonly red, obovate, entire, rounded tip, and imbricate. Stamens forming a long staminal tube enclosing the entire style of the pistil and protruding out of the corolla. Ovary 5-celled, styles 5, fused below.
· Fruits: capsules, loculicidally 5-valved, but rarely formed in cultivation

Distribution
Ornamental cultivation throughout the whole country.
Cuttings used for propagation.

Parts utilized
· Flowers, roots, and leaves.
· Harvest the roots and leaves anytime of the year.
· Wash, cut into slices, and sun-dry. The flowers should be collected from May to August, sun-dry.

Constituents and properties
· Considered emollient, emmenagogue, anodyne, expectorant, refrigerant.
· Anti-infectious, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, diuretic, antipyretic.
· Hypotensive, antispasmodic.
· Prepared drug has sweet taste, neutral natured.
· The Hibiscus with five petals noted for its medicinal properties, the flowers are considerede astringent. The roots contain a mucilage that is soothing on the mucous membranes of the digestive and respiratory tracts.
· Studies have isolated flavonoids, cyanidin, quercetin, hentriacontane, calcium oxalate, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic acid.

Constituents
Hibiscotin.
Flowers: Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins which are antioxidant, antipyretic, analgesic, spasmolytic.
Polysaccharides which promote wound healing and are immune-modulating. (Link)

Uses
Folkloric
· Mumps, infection of the urinary tract: use dried drug materials 15 to 30 gms, boil to decoction and drink.
· For abscesses, carbuncles and boils: crush fresh leaves and poultice the infected area. Also, pound flower buds into a paste and apply to external swellings; also used for boils, cancerous swellings and mumps.
· Decoction of roots, barks, leaves and flowers used as an emollient.
· Decoction from roots of red and white-flowered plants used as an antidote for poison.
· Bark is an emmenagogue; also used to normalize menstruation.
· Seeds used as a stimulant and for cramps.
· Decoction of leaves for fevers.
· For headaches, an infusion of leaves or poultice of leaves.
· Leaves are mildly laxative.
· Mucilage during labor.
· Red flowers are purgative; when taken with papaya seeds, may be abortive.
· Infusion of leaves as an expectorant in bronchitis.
· Hair stimulant: oil made by mixing the juice of fresh petals and olive oil for stimulating hair growth.
• In Costa Rica, used as a purgative.
• In Venezuela, used to treat tumors.
• In the Carribean, used as analgesic, anti-inflammatory.
• In the Dominican Republic, used to treat hematomas.

Culinary

Studies
• Biologic Activities: Studies have demonstrated anti-bacterial, hypotensive, antispasmodic, and chemopreventive activities. It has shown glucose lowering in diabetic rats. Leaf extract has shown to promote hair growth.
• Post-Coital Antifertility Activity: (1) The study explored the antifertility and estrogenic activity of root extracts of H. rosa-sinensis. A strong anti-implantation and uterotropic activity was observed. (2) Study of different extracts on the postcoital antifertility properties showed only the flower extracts were 100% effective in preventing pregnancy. Extracts from H mutabilis, H schizopetalus and M grandiflorus did not markedly affect pregnancy.
• Wound Healing Activity: Results on flower extracts study suggest H. rosa-sinensis aids wound healing in the rat model.
• Cardioprotective: Cardioprotective effect of the Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers in an oxidative stress model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in rat: The study concludes that the flower of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis augments endogenous antioxidant activity and prevented isoproterenol induced myocardial injury.
• Spasmogenic / Spasmolytic Constituents: Presence of cholinergic and calcium channel blocking activities explains the traditional use of Hibiscus rosasinensis in constipation and diarrhoea: Study indicates the crude extract had spasmogenic and spasmolytic constituents to explain its traditional use in constipation and diarrhea.
• Phytochemical / Hypotensive Activity: Flowers extract studies isolated four new phytoconstituents. The hydroalcholic extract showed the most significant hypotensive activity.
• Hypoglycemic / Hypolipidemic Activity: (1) Study of ethanol flower extract on lipids and blood glucose of STZ-induced diabetic rats showed a lipid lowering effect (decrease cholesterol and serum triglycerides with increase in HDL) and diminution in blood glucose comparable to that of glibenclamide but through a mechanism other than insulin release. (2) Study showed a hypolipidemic effect compared to the standard drug guggulipid. Histopath findings in rat liver supported the role of H rosa sinensis root extract in preventing cholesterol HFD-induced hepatic steatosis.
• Antitumore / Anticancer: Study to investigate the ameliorative potential of H rosa sinensis extract in mice skin showed the extract of HRS exerts a protective effect against tumor promotion stage of cancer development.
• Excipient Potential: Study concludes that a novel hydrophilic excipient, a mucilage extracted from H rosa sinensis can be used in the development of sustained-release tablets.

Availability
Wild-crafted.
Cultivated for ornamental use.

**** TOPTROPICALS.COM
toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=hibis...

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Family: Malvaceae
Hibiscus, Chinese rose, Japanese rose, Tropical Hibiscus, Shoe Flower

The Hibiscus request frequent deep watering, but good drainage. It is sensitive to root rot if the ground stays soaked. Check regularly for aphids and mealy bugs, and fertilize.The flowers last only a day or two, but they are produced in abundance most of the year. More pictures of different varieties: Hibiscus page and Catalog of Fancy varieties

**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibiscus_rosa-sinensis

National symbol

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is the national flower of Malaysia, called Bunga Raya in Malay. Introduced into the Malay Peninsula in the 12th Century, it was nominated as the national flower in the year 1958 by the Ministry of Agriculture amongst a few other flowers, namely ylang ylang, jasmine, lotus, rose, magnolia, and bunga tanjung. On 28 July 1960, it was declared by the government of Malaysia that the hibiscus would be the national flower.
The word bunga in Malay means "flower", whilst raya in Malay means "celebration". The hibiscus is literally known as the "celebration flower" in Malay. The red of the petals symbolizes the courage, life, and rapid growth of the Malaysian, and the five petals represent the five Rukun Negara of Malaysia. The flower can be found imprinted on the notes and coins of the Malaysian ringgit.

Uses
Hibiscus flower preparations are used for hair care. The flowers themselves are edible and are used in salads in the Pacific Islands. The flowers are used to shine shoes in parts of India.It is also a pH indicator.China rose indicator turns acidic solutions to magenta/dark pink and basic solutions to green. It is also used for the worship of Devi and especially the red variety takes an important part in tantra. In Indonesia, these flowers are called "kembang sepatu", which literally means "shoe flower".
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is considered to have a number of medical uses in Chinese herbology

Genetics

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is one of many plant genera with a genetic characteristic known as polyploidy, in which there are more than two complete sets of chromosomes, unlike most other species including human. Polyploidy is a condition where the phenotype of the offspring may be quite different from the parent, or indeed any ancestor, essentially allowing possibly random expression of all (or any) of the characteristics of all the generations that have gone before. Because of this characteristic, H. rosa-sinensis has become popular with hobbyists who cross and recross varieties, creating new named varieties and holding competitions to exhibit and judge the many resulting new seedlings and often strikingly unique flowers. To add to the genetic opportunities, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has been successfully hybridized with the cold-hardy Hibiscus moscheutos and several other North American Hibiscus species, producing cold-hardy hybrids (see cold-hardy Hibiscus cultivars).
Often the progeny of these crosses are sterile, but some are fertile, further increasing the complexity of variability and the possibility of a virtually unlimited number of eventual Hibiscus rosa-sinensis varieties. This further attracts the hobbyists, who have created local and international associations, societies, publications, and manuals to further this hobby, which is practiced with these tropical plants worldwide, including indoors in cold climates.

**** JAYCJAYC.COM
www.jaycjayc.com/trophibiscus-rosasinensis-chinarose/

Red Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis 's flower...Bông Bụp đỏ ...

Image by Vietnam Plants & America plants
Vietnamese named : Bụp, Râm Bụp
English names : Hibiscus, Chinese rose, Japanese rose, Tropical Hibiscus, Shoe Flower
Scientist name : Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.
Synonyms :
Family : Malvaceae. Họ Bông Bụp, Râm Bụp

Searched from :

**** WIKI
vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dâm_bụt

Nguồn gốc tên gọi

Loài hoa này vốn có tên gốc là hoa dâng bụt (hoa để dâng lên cho Bụt, tức Phật), về sau do đọc trại mà thành dâm bụt.Dâm bụt còn có nghĩa là Dâm: che bóng, Bụt: Phật . Dâm Bụt là cái lọng che Phật ( vì hoa có hình dạng giống cái lọng
Sử dụng

Tại một số vùng của Ấn Độ, hoa dâm bụt được dùng để đánh giầy, cũng như được dùng trong thờ phụng thần Devi.
Tại Việt Nam, lá và hoa dâm bụt được giã nhỏ trộn với muối đắp trên mụn nhọt đang mưng mủ. Ngoài ra, vỏ rễ dâm bụt dùng để chữa xích, bạch lỵ, bạch đới khí. Dâm bụt là loài cây cảnh rất thông dụng tại Việt nam được trồng nhiều tại các khu vực ven biển do cây có biên độ sinh thái rất lớn, có khả năng chịu đựng được các điều kiện khí hậu khắc nghiệt rất cao: nắng nóng, mưa bão, đát cát ...
Tại Trung Quốc, vỏ rễ cây đước dùng làm thuốc điều kinh, tẩy máu.
Tại Malaysia, cây đước pha nước uống để thông tiểu tiện và chữa mẩn ngứa.

**** VHO.VN.
www.vho.vn/view.htm?ID=1275&keyword=tai

Râm bụt, Bụp, Bông bụp - Hibiscus rosa sinensis L., thuộc họ Bông - Malvaceae.

Mô tả: Cây nhỡ, cao 4-6m. Lá hình bầu dục, nhọn đầu, tròn gốc, mép có răng to; lá kèm hình chỉ nhọn. Hoa ở nách lá, khá lớn, 6-7 mảnh đài nhỏ (tiểu đài) hình sợi; đài hợp màu lục dài gấp 2-3 lần đài nhỏ; tràng 5 cánh hoa màu đỏ; nhị nhiều, tập hợp trên một trụ đài; bầu hình trụ hay hình nón.

Quả nang tròn, chứa nhiều hạt. Mùa hoa tháng 5-7.

Bộ phận dùng: Vỏ rễ hoặc rễ, hoa và lá - Cortex Radicis seu Radix, Flos et Folium Hibisci Rosa Sinensis.

Nơi sống và thu hái: Loài của Trung Quốc, Nhật bản, được trồng làm hàng rào, làm cây cảnh phổ biến ở nhiều nơi. Thu hái rễ và lá quanh năm, thu hái hoa vào mùa hè. Dùng tươi hay phơi khô dùng dần.

Thành phần hoá học: Hoa chứa thiamin, riboflavin, niacin và acid ascorbic. Hoa vò nát chữa sắc tố anthocyanin và cyanin diglucosid. Trong hoa có lá đều có chất nhầy.

Hình 2005. Râm bụt

Cành mang hoa.

Tính vị, tác dụng: Vỏ rễ Râm bụt có vị ngọt, tính bình; có tác dụng điều kinh, chống ho, tiêu viêm. Hoa, lá có vị ngọt, tính bình; có tác dụng thanh nhiệt giải độc, lợi niệu tiêu thũng, chỉ huyết, cố tinh, sát trùng. Ở Ấn Độ, hoa được xem như có tác dụng làm nhầy, làm dịu, làm mát, kích dục và điều kinh; còn lá làm dịu, an thần, tẩy nhẹ, nhuận tràng và rễ lại có tác dụng làm nhầy.

Công dụng, chỉ định và phối hợp: Rễ dùng chữa: 1. Viêm tuyến mang tai, viêm kết mạc cấp; 2. Viêm khí quản, viêm đường tiết niệu; Viêm cổ tử cung, bạch đới. 4. Kinh nguyệt không đều, mất kinh. Hoa dùng chữa kinh nguyệt không đều, khó ngủ hồi hộp, đái đỏ. Lá dùng chữa viêm niêm mạc dạ dày - ruột, đại tiện ra máu, kiết lỵ, mụn nhọt, ghẻ lở, mộng tinh, đái hạ.

Liều dùng vỏ rễ và lá 15-30g, hoa tươi 30g, dạng thuốc sắc, thuốc hãm. Lá và hoa thường dùng ngoài trị mụn nhọt, viêm mủ da, viêm vú, viêm hạch huyết. Dùng tươi đắp ngoài.

Ở Ấn Độ, nước sắc hoa dùng trị bệnh viêm khí quản và đem nấu với bơ dùng trị rong kinh. Nước sắc lá dùng rửa trị sốt; phối hợp với dịch của Cúc bạc đầu Vernonia cinerea Less. được dùng kích thích sự bài tiết sau khi sinh. Rễ được dùng thay rễ của Thục quỳ Althaea, dùng để trị ho; nước sắc rễ dùng trị bệnh hoa liễu và sốt; dịch rễ tươi dùng trị bệnh lậu và rễ tán bột dùng khi bị rong kinh.

Ở Inđônêxia, người ta còn dùn hoa Râm bụt phối hợp với hạt Ðu đủ để dùng vào mục đích gây sẩy thai.

Ðơn thuốc:

1. Viêm tuyến mang tai: Lá hoặc hoa tươi 30g sắc uống. Cũng dùng lá và hoa tươi cùng với lá Phù dung giã nát đắp ngoài.

2. Viêm kết mạc cấp: Rễ Râm bụt 30g sắc uống.

3. Trúng thử cấm khẩu: Lá râm bụt tươi, giã nát, thêm ít muối, vắt nước uống.

4. Kinh nguyệt không đều, thấy sớm kỳ, ngắn vòng hay ra nhiều máu, rong huyết: Vỏ rễ râm bụt, lá Huyết dụ mỗi vị 30g sắc uống.

5. Ðơn độc, mụn nhọt sưng tấy: Lá và hoa Râm bụt tươi giã đắp.

**** KHOA HỌC NET : XIN NHẤP VÀO LINK ĐỂ ĐỌC THÊM ...
www.khoahoc.net/baivo/chuhuutin/280607-hoadambut.htm

Phân tích về Flavonoid Aglycones trên hoa dâm bụt tươi và bảo tồn

___________________________________________________________

**** PHILIPPINE MEDICINE PLANTS
www.stuartxchange.org/Gumamela.html
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.
HIBISCUS, CHINA ROSE
Mu Chin

General info
· About 300 species are found worldwide. Its beauty makes it one of the most widely cultivated of flowers, in brilliant huers of red, orange, or purplish-reds, with short-lived but continuing blooms.

Botany
· An erect, much-branched, glabrous shrub, 1 to 4 m high.
· Leaves: glossy green, ovate, acuminate, pointeed, coarsely-toothed, 7 to 12 cm long, alternate, stipulate.
· Flowers: solitary, axillary, very large. Outermost series of bracteoles 6, lanceolate, green, and 8 mm long or less. Calyx green, 2 cm long, lobes ovate. Petals commonly red, obovate, entire, rounded tip, and imbricate. Stamens forming a long staminal tube enclosing the entire style of the pistil and protruding out of the corolla. Ovary 5-celled, styles 5, fused below.
· Fruits: capsules, loculicidally 5-valved, but rarely formed in cultivation

Distribution
Ornamental cultivation throughout the whole country.
Cuttings used for propagation.

Parts utilized
· Flowers, roots, and leaves.
· Harvest the roots and leaves anytime of the year.
· Wash, cut into slices, and sun-dry. The flowers should be collected from May to August, sun-dry.

Constituents and properties
· Considered emollient, emmenagogue, anodyne, expectorant, refrigerant.
· Anti-infectious, anthelmintic, antiinflammatory, diuretic, antipyretic.
· Hypotensive, antispasmodic.
· Prepared drug has sweet taste, neutral natured.
· The Hibiscus with five petals noted for its medicinal properties, the flowers are considerede astringent. The roots contain a mucilage that is soothing on the mucous membranes of the digestive and respiratory tracts.
· Studies have isolated flavonoids, cyanidin, quercetin, hentriacontane, calcium oxalate, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic acid.

Constituents
Hibiscotin.
Flowers: Flavonoids and proanthocyanidins which are antioxidant, antipyretic, analgesic, spasmolytic.
Polysaccharides which promote wound healing and are immune-modulating. (Link)

Uses
Folkloric
· Mumps, infection of the urinary tract: use dried drug materials 15 to 30 gms, boil to decoction and drink.
· For abscesses, carbuncles and boils: crush fresh leaves and poultice the infected area. Also, pound flower buds into a paste and apply to external swellings; also used for boils, cancerous swellings and mumps.
· Decoction of roots, barks, leaves and flowers used as an emollient.
· Decoction from roots of red and white-flowered plants used as an antidote for poison.
· Bark is an emmenagogue; also used to normalize menstruation.
· Seeds used as a stimulant and for cramps.
· Decoction of leaves for fevers.
· For headaches, an infusion of leaves or poultice of leaves.
· Leaves are mildly laxative.
· Mucilage during labor.
· Red flowers are purgative; when taken with papaya seeds, may be abortive.
· Infusion of leaves as an expectorant in bronchitis.
· Hair stimulant: oil made by mixing the juice of fresh petals and olive oil for stimulating hair growth.
• In Costa Rica, used as a purgative.
• In Venezuela, used to treat tumors.
• In the Carribean, used as analgesic, anti-inflammatory.
• In the Dominican Republic, used to treat hematomas.

Culinary

Studies
• Biologic Activities: Studies have demonstrated anti-bacterial, hypotensive, antispasmodic, and chemopreventive activities. It has shown glucose lowering in diabetic rats. Leaf extract has shown to promote hair growth.
• Post-Coital Antifertility Activity: (1) The study explored the antifertility and estrogenic activity of root extracts of H. rosa-sinensis. A strong anti-implantation and uterotropic activity was observed. (2) Study of different extracts on the postcoital antifertility properties showed only the flower extracts were 100% effective in preventing pregnancy. Extracts from H mutabilis, H schizopetalus and M grandiflorus did not markedly affect pregnancy.
• Wound Healing Activity: Results on flower extracts study suggest H. rosa-sinensis aids wound healing in the rat model.
• Cardioprotective: Cardioprotective effect of the Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers in an oxidative stress model of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in rat: The study concludes that the flower of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis augments endogenous antioxidant activity and prevented isoproterenol induced myocardial injury.
• Spasmogenic / Spasmolytic Constituents: Presence of cholinergic and calcium channel blocking activities explains the traditional use of Hibiscus rosasinensis in constipation and diarrhoea: Study indicates the crude extract had spasmogenic and spasmolytic constituents to explain its traditional use in constipation and diarrhea.
• Phytochemical / Hypotensive Activity: Flowers extract studies isolated four new phytoconstituents. The hydroalcholic extract showed the most significant hypotensive activity.
• Hypoglycemic / Hypolipidemic Activity: (1) Study of ethanol flower extract on lipids and blood glucose of STZ-induced diabetic rats showed a lipid lowering effect (decrease cholesterol and serum triglycerides with increase in HDL) and diminution in blood glucose comparable to that of glibenclamide but through a mechanism other than insulin release. (2) Study showed a hypolipidemic effect compared to the standard drug guggulipid. Histopath findings in rat liver supported the role of H rosa sinensis root extract in preventing cholesterol HFD-induced hepatic steatosis.
• Antitumore / Anticancer: Study to investigate the ameliorative potential of H rosa sinensis extract in mice skin showed the extract of HRS exerts a protective effect against tumor promotion stage of cancer development.
• Excipient Potential: Study concludes that a novel hydrophilic excipient, a mucilage extracted from H rosa sinensis can be used in the development of sustained-release tablets.

Availability
Wild-crafted.
Cultivated for ornamental use.

**** TOPTROPICALS.COM
toptropicals.com/cgi-bin/garden_catalog/cat.cgi?uid=hibis...

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Family: Malvaceae
Hibiscus, Chinese rose, Japanese rose, Tropical Hibiscus, Shoe Flower

The Hibiscus request frequent deep watering, but good drainage. It is sensitive to root rot if the ground stays soaked. Check regularly for aphids and mealy bugs, and fertilize.The flowers last only a day or two, but they are produced in abundance most of the year. More pictures of different varieties: Hibiscus page and Catalog of Fancy varieties

**** WIKI
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibiscus_rosa-sinensis

National symbol

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is the national flower of Malaysia, called Bunga Raya in Malay. Introduced into the Malay Peninsula in the 12th Century, it was nominated as the national flower in the year 1958 by the Ministry of Agriculture amongst a few other flowers, namely ylang ylang, jasmine, lotus, rose, magnolia, and bunga tanjung. On 28 July 1960, it was declared by the government of Malaysia that the hibiscus would be the national flower.
The word bunga in Malay means "flower", whilst raya in Malay means "celebration". The hibiscus is literally known as the "celebration flower" in Malay. The red of the petals symbolizes the courage, life, and rapid growth of the Malaysian, and the five petals represent the five Rukun Negara of Malaysia. The flower can be found imprinted on the notes and coins of the Malaysian ringgit.

Uses
Hibiscus flower preparations are used for hair care. The flowers themselves are edible and are used in salads in the Pacific Islands. The flowers are used to shine shoes in parts of India.It is also a pH indicator.China rose indicator turns acidic solutions to magenta/dark pink and basic solutions to green. It is also used for the worship of Devi and especially the red variety takes an important part in tantra. In Indonesia, these flowers are called "kembang sepatu", which literally means "shoe flower".
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is considered to have a number of medical uses in Chinese herbology

Genetics

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is one of many plant genera with a genetic characteristic known as polyploidy, in which there are more than two complete sets of chromosomes, unlike most other species including human. Polyploidy is a condition where the phenotype of the offspring may be quite different from the parent, or indeed any ancestor, essentially allowing possibly random expression of all (or any) of the characteristics of all the generations that have gone before. Because of this characteristic, H. rosa-sinensis has become popular with hobbyists who cross and recross varieties, creating new named varieties and holding competitions to exhibit and judge the many resulting new seedlings and often strikingly unique flowers. To add to the genetic opportunities, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis has been successfully hybridized with the cold-hardy Hibiscus moscheutos and several other North American Hibiscus species, producing cold-hardy hybrids (see cold-hardy Hibiscus cultivars).
Often the progeny of these crosses are sterile, but some are fertile, further increasing the complexity of variability and the possibility of a virtually unlimited number of eventual Hibiscus rosa-sinensis varieties. This further attracts the hobbyists, who have created local and international associations, societies, publications, and manuals to further this hobby, which is practiced with these tropical plants worldwide, including indoors in cold climates.

**** JAYCJAYC.COM
www.jaycjayc.com/trophibiscus-rosasinensis-chinarose/

Beautiful Flowers I

Image by Focx Photography
Lately I noticed there are a number of nice flower photos in my library. That said, I had a hard time coming up with a nice context or name for the picture, so I decided I’d go the superficial way and just start a series called Beautiful Flowers. So: here we go!

Also have a look at my website at www.focx.de :)

You don't bring me flowers - Day 363 of Project 365

Image by purplemattfish
14/08/09

My dad is really sweet, he still gets my mum flowers on a regular basis even though they have been married for 35 years. This is a shot of the latest bunch on the kitchen table today.

... nobody buys me flowers anymore ;(

LOL!

You probably know by now that I wouldn’t just shoot a vase with flowers without there being a technical twist! So what are you looking at here? This shot was taken using a technique that has sort of become known as the "Brenizer method". Named after a fairly talented wedding photographer called Ryan Brenizer. Who amongst other things is the Official Photography expert for Amazon.com! His best example if this technique is probably here

The technique is basically a variation of a stitched panorama but with close focus and using the lens wide open at its fastest aperture to achieve a picture with a kind of 3D medium format look. It gives a real pop to the object in focus. The only downside is that it needs 20 plus shots to give the best effect, and at full resolution that can be a bit of a challenge for most PC’s to stitch in a reasonable time scale! This image is made up from 30 shots (ok, so I got a bit carried away and overlapped a lot!) as I wanted to maximise the impact an minimise the chances of getting it wrong!

This shot made my 365 as (even though I only have 2 days left now!) I’m trying to get back on track with my primary “become a better photographer” objective.

Photoshop: batch resize to a more manageable resolution, import images into photomerge utility, auto align, crop, clone out the odd rough bit left over from the merge!, USM sharpen, save to JPG... surprisingly little for a photo made up of 30 + shots!

readmore »»   Read More..